By Ruth D'Alessandro, The Wildlife Gardener

Thanks to all who had a go at last month’s Puzzle Corner – the answers are on the comments after the original post.

Spring has finally come to the Wildlife Garden, and there are things to report.

We live in an area of chalk downland and clay. Where a permeable chalk layer meets an impermeable clay layer, a 'spring line' is formed. There are lots of little natural springs in the woods behind the house, and The Wildlife Pond is fed by one too. Enough water seeps in to equal the amount of water that evaporates, and the level, strangely, remains the same whether there is drought or torrential rain.

The sludge at the bottom of a pond behaves like a compost heap: bacteria and other micro-organisms break down the organic material to nourish the ecosystem, and for this, they need sunlight. The pond was completely covered with a thick light-blocking layer of duckweed that needed to be skimmed off to allow the light through. Pond skaters were not skating but fell-walking. Spring is not the ideal time to disturb a pond, and I thought my skimming would be a quick and uneventful half-hour, a bit of a chore.

How wrong I was. The first netful turned up a 5cm dragonfly nymph. I gathered the family around for a 'show and tell'. Everyone went back indoors. The second netful pulled out a great diving beetle and some freshwater shrimps. The family was summoned again. To everyone’s excitement the pile of duckweed on the side of the pond started to thrash about, revealing a smooth newt in mating livery.

No smooth newts were harmed in the taking of this photo

My companionable robin, a parent himself, picked through the duckweed pile and carried off to his young nestlings a 'plateau de fruits de pond' of crustaceans and nymphs that I had missed throwing back.

More pond beetles, freshwater snails, a rat-tailed larva, two more newts (one of which may be a palmate) and thousands of tadpoles warming up on sunken leaves came to light from under the duckweed. I resisted pulling out leaves as newts wrap their eggs in them.

Two thirds of the pond are now clear of duckweed and the fauna is able to move about more easily. Pond skaters skate again. There are easily 20 resident newts. Fish will never be part of the wildlife pond because they eat the eggs and larvae of everything. I can't understand the appeal of a goldfish pond because fish are boring and do very little, whereas tadpoles, snails, amphibians, beetles and nymphs create different mini-dramas every time I sit quietly and observe.

The Wildlife Garden Notebook for March and April

Bird species seen this month
Blackbird, songthrush, robin, collared dove (still no sign of the mate), wood pigeon, tits: blue, great, and long-tailed, chaffinch, greenfinch, hedge-sparrow, jackdaw, magpie, wren, nuthatch, woodpeckers: green and greater spotted, TREE sparrows

Mammal species seen this month
Grey squirrel, dead badgers on A25, bats in the garden

Insect/arachnid species seen this month
Bumble bees, hoverflies, a queen wasp, a crab spider

Pond species seen this month
Newts – smooth and possibly palmate, frog tadpoles, pond snails, great diving beetles, smaller pond beetles, dragonfly nymphs, pond skaters, freshwater shrimps

Garden Plant species in evidence
Lungwort, daffodils, periwinkle, hyacinths, grape hyacinth, everything starting to bud

Vegetables
Greenhouse and indoors: Tomatoes, squash and cucumbers all thriving, peas, onions, brassicas starting to shoot, beetroot, and parsnips grown in plugs as an experiment, broad beans, coriander and basil. One row of first early potatoes.
No of bin bags this month
3.5!

Try to find a wildlife pond this month and take at least 10 minutes to sit and watch it. I guarantee you will not be disappointed!

Happy Dipping!

The Wildlife Gardener